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EDEN


The Erasure & Eden exhibit explores the allure of Hayward through photographs, promotional materials, and postcards published from the 1890s to the 1960s. Using chronology, the viewer will come to understand how Hayward transformed from a rural town into an urban city with promises of paradise and prosperity. Additionally, this exhibit will demonstrate how the perception and design of homes were as diverse as those who settled here.

“If a climate such as not Italy can match, has any attraction, if a soil richer than the polders of Holland, if the orchards that bear heavier crops of fruit than the wildest fancy has planted, if a quiet life, if good society, and very comfort appeal to you, then come to Haywards, for these are our advantages.”

This late 19th century lithograph, Bird’s Eye View of Haywards, was published as a promotional piece for the City of Hayward by the local newspaper, Hayward’s Journal. In this advertisement, the city’s promoters constructed a captivating dream of affordable, serene, healthy country living that offered modern amenities and high society culture. Equally alluring for the potential homebuyer was the promised prosperity that could be found in lucrative agriculture, ranching, industrial, and salt production ventures within Hayward. City promoters aimed to stimulate economic growth and increase the population beyond the 1,400 town residents.1 

This colored panoramic photograph captures rural Hayward in the 1910s, which at this time had a population of 2,746. Written above and below the structures are references to landmarks the previous owner deemed important. From left to right, “(unreadable) Hotel,” “Native Son’s Hall,” “Grammar School, “Danish Hall,” “my home,” “Catolic (Catholic) Church,” and “Base Ball Ground.” During this period, Hayward was predominately an agricultural town with homes that ranged from small cottages to larger Victorian houses. In the photo, barns, carriage houses, churches, schools, and community structures are situated amongst the homes.2

To draw attention to the city of Hayward and its surrounding vicinity, the Souvenir Magazine of Hayward (circa 1905) was created. The publication depicts Hayward as the “Garden of Eden,” proclaiming it as “near prefect as the hand of Providence can make it.” Within its pages, the author poetically describes Hayward’s rich natural resources, favorable geographical location, and mediterranean climate. The town’s many attractions, such as the  “best farming, fruit growing, stock raising, and residential sections,” are detailed within the magazine’s pages. Photographs of the town’s beautiful homes and land, businesses, civic and religious structures, and wealthy businessmen and politicians are displayed. The promoters of Hayward hoped to attract entrepreneurs and an economically diverse population to the “land of sunshine, where flowers blossom in  the open all year round.” 3

“If you are a mechanic, a dairyman, a stockman, a farmer, a florist, a fruit grower or a market gardener, you can not find a location equal to Hayward and surrounds.”
In this article, the publisher calls to men from various trades and economic classes, enticing them with promises of affordable homeownership, healthy living and leisure, and business opportunities in manufacturing, ranching, and agriculture. This inclusivity of the masses demonstrates that Hayward was a city that fostered socioeconomic diversity early in its development. People from all trades were welcome to call Hayward and the surrounding area home.4
The panel, Winter Plowing – Hayward, includes a colored photograph of an agricultural scene with crop rows, two black plow horses in the foreground, and a farmhouse in the background. The brochure reminisces about the history of Alameda County, from the development of the “great port” and railroads to the construction of homes and large businesses. The author writes, “In the first days, under the American regime in California, the east shore of the bay was recognized as a delightful dwelling place.”5
The postcard Fruits of the Garden of Eden, Hayward, Garden Spot Eden Township, captures a vista view of the valley from the surrounding East Bay hills. In the background, rural farmhouses and structures are spread out amongst the rows of crops and orchards. In the foreground, children hang like fruit within the tree. As the postcard title indicates, the children and agricultural products were seen as the fruit of Eden. 5
Hunt Brothers Cannery (1895-1981) was a major industrial produce drying and canning business that provided “steady and profitable work through the season.” The company provided economic stability and built a community with cottages and spaces for education and community services. Industrial workers or “operatives” and their families called the Hunt Bros. Company their home. Agricultural and canning industries such as Hunt Brothers, directly and indirectly, helped to support the 3,500 individuals who called Hayward home. 6
To attract potential buyers, city promoters produced advertisements depicting Hayward as a rural, charming, and bountiful place where “the city blends with the beauty of the open country.” Photos of homes included in the magazine, Hayward Alameda County, California, U.S.A., show various examples of the homes and manicured landscaping available for potential buyers. The advertisement boasts, “Residental sites in almost any price range are available in Hayward…from modest cottage to an urban estate…” Here we see a lovely decorated room with two young children calmly playing in front of a fire and a large stone hearth. The scene is idyllic and plays into the fantasy of wealth, family, and home. 7,8
Although Hayward’s population had steadily increased, city officials and promoters continued to advertise, hoping to attract new residents and businesses. As a marketing tactic, promotional materials focused on the allure of agriculture, highlighting Hayward’s fertile lands and the potential abundance of crops, livestock, and animal by-products. Advertisements like these were designed to showcase the economic benefits of living and working in Hayward.
This late 1930s Alameda County magazine draws attention to Hayward’s highly successful economic powerhouses, including agriculture, canning, and poultry. It demonstrates the city’s importance as a local and national food producer. These industries supported the town, which had grown to approximately 6,700. Beyond the financial draw of the town, the article highlights the city’s “thriving community” and attractive amenities that individuals and families would have desired during this period. The city’s financial and community aspects make it a place anyone would want to call home.
By 1950, the population in Hayway had doubled to approximately 14,272. Home builders like Branden Homes produced enticing home model brochures to attract potential buyers. Others placed advertisements in the local papers. As the city grew, the picturesque dream of Hayward as a “charming community” and “paradise” continued; however, the depiction of it as a fertile Eden was being replaced by housing developments, luxury living, expansive retail and commercial locations. Suburban and commercial development increasingly consumed agricultural lands in Hayward and the surrounding area. The attraction of big city “conveniences” was reshaping the concept of Hayward. This shift in land use altered the path of Hayward and the concept of home for its residents.9
“From about 1920-1940 the number of farms and orchards began to slowly erode as the population boomed and former farms were subdivided for housing tracts. In the 1940s-1960s the decline accelerated dramatically. By the 1970s and into the 1980s there were just a few farms holding out.”
During the 1950s, the City of Hayward’s population grew exponentially from 14,272 to 72,7000. Various factors contributed to this growth, including widespread shifts in land use, division of extensive land holdings, utilization of FHA and GI loans for new home purchases, and increased employment opportunities in the Bay Area. These new Haywardians no longer desired a fertile rural Eden; instead, they sought the suburban dream with its modern conveniences and urban amenities. Although Hayward had transformed from a rural town to a bustling suburban city, it remained a place that individuals still called home.

Citations

1 Cook, C. B. Bird’s-eye view of Haywards [Hayward, California].  Circa 1880-1890. Lithograph. Elliott Pub. Co. Accessed from OAC. Bird’s-eye view of Haywards [Hayward, California] BANC PIC 1963.002:0927–E (cdlib.org)


2 Panorama of Hayward, Ca. Photo. 1910s. Accessed from AlamedaInfo. Hayward, California, old postcards, photos and other historic images – Alamedainfo


3 “Garden of Eden Hayward, California.” Souvenir Magazine. 1905. Hayward Review: Hayward, CA. Accessed from Hayward Area Historical Society. Resources for Researchers — Hayward Area Historical Society (haywardareahistory.org)


4 Group in an Orchard. 1906. Catalog 2011.008.067. Glass Plate Negative. Advanced Search | Hayward Area Historical Society (pastperfectonline.com) 

Woman on the Phone. 1948. Catalog 2019.014.0070. Negative. Advanced Search | Hayward Area Historical Society (pastperfectonline.com)

Man Seated at Desk. 1948. Catalog 2019.014.0245. Negative.Advanced Search | Hayward Area Historical Society (pastperfectonline.com) 

Black and white photograph of a dairy. 1948. Catalog 79.033.8893. Print. Advanced Search | Hayward Area Historical Society (pastperfectonline.com)

Sorting Peas. 1925. Catalog 79.033.7618. Print. Advanced Search | Hayward Area Historical Society (pastperfectonline.com)

Auto Mechanic. 1948. Catalog 2019.014.0352. Negative. Advanced Search | Hayward Area Historical Society (pastperfectonline.com)

 Butcher Shop. 1948. Catalog 2019.014.0257. Negative. Advanced Search | Hayward Area Historical Society (pastperfectonline.com)


5 Fruits of the Garden of Eden, Hayward, Garden Spot Eden Township. No. 7516. M. Rieder Publishing: Los Angeles, CA. 


6 Hunts operations and advertising docs. Sourced from the Hayward Historical Society.


7 Hayward Alameda County, California, U.S.A. 1939. Hayward City Council and Chamber of Commerce. Accessed from Hayward Area Historical Society. Resources for Researchers — Hayward Area Historical Society (haywardareahistory.org)


8 Hayward, California and Vicinity. 1932. Hayward City Council and Chamber of Commerce. Accessed from Hayward Area Historical Society. Resources for Researchers — Hayward Area Historical Society (haywardareahistory.org).  


9 Palma Ceia Village – Sourced from Hayward Historical Society.


10 Agricultural History — Hayward Area Historical Society (haywardareahistory.org)   


11 Hayward Alameda County, California, U.S.A. 1939. Hayward City Council and Chamber of Commerce. Accessed from Hayward Area Historical Society. Resources for Researchers — Hayward Area Historical Society (haywardareahistory.org)


12 Crabgrass frontier : the suburbanization of the United States : Jackson, Kenneth T : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive